Utilization of Geographic Information Systems for Natural Disaster Mitigation: A Literature Study with a Focus on the City of Medan

Muhammad Abdillah Syam; Fahmi Aditya Abdi; Harits Al Khosyi; J. Prayoga; Abdi Sugiarto

Authors

Muhammad Abdillah Syam State Islamic University of North Sumatra
Fahmi Aditya Abdi State Islamic University of North Sumatra
Harits Al Khosyi State Islamic University of North Sumatra
J. Prayoga State Islamic University of North Sumatra
Abdi Sugiarto State Islamic University of North Sumatra

Keywords:

Geographic Information System (GIS), Disaster mitigation, Medan City, Spatial analysis, Disaster risk management.

Abstract

This article discusses the role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in disaster mitigation, especially in the city of Medan, Indonesia, which faces a high risk of flooding. With its flat geographical characteristics and dense urbanization, Medan is vulnerable to various types of flooding, including shipping and local flooding. GIS serves as an important tool in the collection, analysis, and visualization of spatial data, which supports an understanding of disaster-prone areas and better decision-making. This study identifies that the use of GIS can increase the accuracy of identifying disaster-prone locations by 25% compared to traditional methods. In addition, the integration of advanced technologies such as big data and virtual reality can enrich spatial analysis and improve the effectiveness of mitigation planning. However, challenges in the implementation of GIS, such as the availability of accurate data and the need for human resource training, need to be addressed to maximize its potential in disaster risk management.

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